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Superconducting (SC) and low-temperature quantum systems are transforming our understanding of matter, energy, and information. SC technologies are part of the transition to a green society through energy saving in high-power applications as, for example, SC accelerators and high-Tc SC power lines. The Swedish-Ukrainian symposium provides a platform for discussing novel and emergent phenomena in the applied superconductivity, in particular for applications in future accelerators.
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Participation is free of charge. Coffee and snacks are provided.
Flux pumps are devices able to energise superconducting magnets with no conductor crossing the cryostat wall: a time-varying field and a region of controllable resistance drive DC into a closed loop.After a brief account of how flux pumps developed, a review of the mechanisms available in HTS and the resulting taxonomy are presented: rotating and linear travelling-wave flux pumps, transformer–rectifier flux pumps with their switches, and self-switching bridges, with the trade-offs that make a flux pump something designed around its magnet. A brief energy and efficiency assessment shows that, although their instantaneous efficiency is modest, flux pumps run intermittently, so what counts is the energy consumed over the magnet’s whole duty cycle. Finally, three fields of application are examined: fusion toroidal-field coils and stellarator coils, magnetic shielding and electric propulsion for space applications, and magnetic resonance imaging.
Rare-earth borides provide a particularly interesting platform for investigating superconductivity in the presence of magnetic order. The coexistence and competition of these two collective states may lead to behavior that goes beyond the conventional spin-singlet BCS scenario and, under appropriate conditions, may favor unconventional pairing mechanisms. Such systems are of fundamental interest for investigating magnetically mediated superconductivity and possible spin-triplet pairing, with potential relevance to spintronics and topological quantum technologies, particularly in the context of Majorana-state realization.
In the RRh4B4 family, where R denotes a rare-earth element, the interplay between magnetism and superconductivity can be effectively controlled through chemical substitution. In the Dy1−xYxRh4B4 series, replacing magnetic Dy with non-magnetic Y causes a pronounced reduction of the magnetic ordering temperature, whereas the superconducting transition temperature increases. Heat-capacity measurements indicate the occurrence of an additional magnetic transition below Tc, demonstrating that magnetic ordering can develop inside the superconducting state without immediately suppressing it. These compounds also exhibit a number of unusual superconducting properties, including the paramagnetic Meissner (Wohlleben) effect [1-2] and non-monotonic temperature dependences of both the upper critical field and the superconducting energy gap [3]. The observed features collectively indicate a complex interplay between magnetic order and superconductivity and point to a possible unconventional superconducting pairing mechanism, quite possibly of the spin-triplet type.
Additional evidence for unconventional behavior is obtained in Ru-substituted rare-earth rhodium borides. In the ferromagnetic superconductor Dy0.6Y0.4Rh3.85Ru0.15B4, superconductivity persists in the presence of ferromagnetic order [4], while point-contact Andreev-reflection measurements yield 2Δ/kBTc > 4, exceeding the weak-coupling BCS value [5]. Furthermore, the upper critical field Hc2(T) of Dy0.8Er0.2Rh3.8Ru0.2B4 exhibits a characteristic inflection near 3 kOe [6]. This feature may be associated with low-temperature magnetic ordering. However, a more unconventional scenario involving a change in the superconducting pairing state, including a possible crossover from singlet to triplet pairing, cannot be excluded.
The combination of ferromagnetism and superconductivity, anomalous Hc2(T) behavior, enhanced superconducting gap values, and other non-BCS features makes these rare-earth borides promising systems for further investigation of unconventional superconductivity. Although the available results do not provide direct proof of spin-triplet pairing, they identify a set of experimental signatures that justify further searches for a possible triplet superconducting state in this class of materials.