Both ESA and NASA are aiming for lunar science payloads within the coming decade. Recently published European and American science strategy evaluations also highlight the unique potential of lunar-based astronomy for cosmology, astrophysics and high-energy physics. Sweden and Uppsala have the potential to make key technical contributions to a future lunar mission. The strategic position of Uppsala University can be leveraged to form a broad space-centered collaboration with high societal impact, that could also pave the way for Swedish technical and scientific participation in a coming lunar mission - and now is a timely window of opportunity. I will give a brief and broad outline of lunar mission roadmaps, possible science cases, technological challenges, and the ongoing effort to form an Uppsala-based collaboration network with key players.